Bus Éireann (http://www.buseireann.ie) is the main public transportation operator between smaller towns. Their network radiates outward from Galway City
GalwayTransport.info (http://www.GalwayTranspor...) has listings and timetables links for both Bus Éireann and various private bus companies operating from/through Galway city to the smaller towns.
Aran Island Ferries (http://www.aranislandferr...) and Inis Mór Ferries (http://www.queenofaran2.com/) operate ferries to the Aran Islands
By Car Hire
Car hire is available from several agencies in the city and at the airport.
Avis
Budget Car Rental Ireland (http://www.budget-ireland.com) - Locations at both Galway Airport and Eyre Sq in Galway City Center
Hertz
Alamo / National
Dan Dooley
Enterprise Rent a Car
Several local car dealers operate car-rentals. These include:
Windsor Motors - located at Ballybrit
Arch Motors - located at Westside
Roads outside the larger towns are often narrow and windy. Although this encourages you to slow down and appreciate the wonderful if a little bleak scenery, it does mean that getting around will probably take longer than you think.